Viral Diseases

Virus and Diseases

  Viruses are very tiny organisms with their diameters in nano meters level. Viruses exist now everywhere, such like in the soil, air and animal body. Human body also carry a lot of viruses, but most of them don't cause diseases, because they don't have any workable poison to injury a human. Human immune system can generate many types of  antibodies against many types of viruses, the antibody will identify the virus and destroy it temporarily.

  Sometimes the virus and human immune system can establish a great balancing relation . However when the human immune system is weak due to many reasons, the viruses can break the balancing relation and cause a lot of problems, became so called opportunist pathogen. For example, the BK polyoma-virus is presented in the kidney of *85% population, however it only cause many types of kidney diseases of our world. But all viruses are not harmful for human-body, or opportunist pathogens. Some viruses can cause extreme diseases, including  SARS, AIDS, Hepatitis,Polio Mayelitis Herpes,Malaria Simplex etc.

Diseases Name	Virus Type	Organs Affected	Transmission
·         Influenza	RNA	Respiratory Tract	Droplet
·         Adenovirus Infections	DNA	Lungs, Eyes	Droplet, Contact
·         Respiratory Syncytial Diseases	RNA	Respiratory Tract	Droplet
·         Rhino Virus Infection	RNA	Upper Respiratory Tract	Droplet,Contact
·         Chicken pox (Vercella)	DNA	Skin,Pharynx, Gental organs	Droplet Contact
·         Harpes Simplex	DNA	Skin, Nevous System	Contact
·         Measles (Rubeola)	RNA	Respiratory Tract, Skin	Droplet, Contact
·         German Measles (Rubella)	RNA	Skin	Droplet, Contact
·         Mumps (Epidemix parotitis)	RNA	Salivary Gland, Blood	Droplet
·         Small Pox (Variola)	DNA	Skin, Blood	Contact, Droplet
·         Warts Kawasaki Diseases	DNA	Skin	?
·         Yellow Fever	RNA	Liver, Blood	Mosquito (Aedes Aegypti)
·         Dengue Fever	RNA	Blood, Muscle	Mosquito (Aedes Aegypti)
·         Hepatitis A	RNA	Liver	Food, Water,  Contact
·         Hepatitis B	DNA	Liver	Contact with body Fluids
·         NAN B Hepatitis	RNA	Liver	Contact with body Fluids
·         Viral Gastroenterityis	Many RNA Viruses	Intestine	Food, Water
·         Viral Fevers	Many RNA  Viruses	Blood	Contact, Congenital transfer
·         AIDS	Retrovirus (RNA)	T-lymphocytes	Contact with body Fluids
·         Rabies	RNA	Brain, Spinal cord	Contact with body Fluids
·         Polio	RNA	Intestine, Brain, Spinal cord	Food, Water, Contact
·         Slow Virus Diseases	Prions	Brains	?
·         Arbovirul Encephalits	Many RNA Viruses	Brain	Arthopods
·

  Virus has two types, No 1- DNA virus and No 2- RNA virus. The genome of DNA virus is consisted of DNA, and similarity RNA is the genetic materials of  RNA virus. The virus genome is typically several kilo base pairs (kb). They use the host's system for replication and generic  expression. The structure of virus is consisted of a small genetic material and a small protein envelope. Higher temperature can cause protein denaturation, viruses are most sensitive to heat. However, The virus can goes to hibernate in lower temperature for a long time. For example, viruses were found  millions years ago into ice in Antarctica. 

  Human immune system usually can recognize a master piece of a virus protein sequence of our human body. And the virus specification information can be remembered by the immune system, sometimes through the all life. This mechanism has been used for make vaccines for some dangerous diseases. Usually vaccines are made of weakened virus, which will not be able to cause disease. The vaccine will stimulate the  whole immune system, and the immune system will also remember the specific characters of this virus. And when the real virus invades, the immune system of human body can quickly recognize it, and destroy it before it cause serious diseases. 


  However, compared to other types organisms, virus mutated very fast. Sometimes there are a lot of variants, and it is a most important challenge to produce effective vaccines for all this variants. As example, the Influenza virus, next year the viruses strain may be very different, and you may need to have a new types of vaccine.